What is the vaccine called for rats and mice? - briefly
The commonly administered immunization for laboratory rats and mice is referred to as the Rat‑and‑Mouse vaccine, often abbreviated as the R/M vaccine. It is used to protect these rodents against specific bacterial and viral pathogens in research settings.
What is the vaccine called for rats and mice? - in detail
The vaccine formulated specifically for laboratory rodents, commonly referred to as the R‑and‑M vaccine, is a multivalent preparation designed to protect rats and mice against several bacterial pathogens that frequently cause morbidity in research colonies.
The preparation typically contains inactivated strains of Pasteurella pneumotropica, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella oxytoca. Some commercial versions also include antigens against Salmonella spp. and Mycoplasma pulmonis. By targeting these organisms, the product reduces the incidence of respiratory and systemic infections that can compromise experimental outcomes.
Key characteristics:
- Formulation: Oil‑in‑water emulsion that stabilizes the antigens and prolongs immune stimulation.
- Administration route: Subcutaneous injection in the dorsal neck region; volume usually 0.1 ml per animal.
- Dosage schedule: Initial dose given at 4–5 weeks of age, followed by a booster 2–3 weeks later; annual re‑vaccination is recommended for breeding colonies.
- Efficacy: Protective antibody titers appear within 10–14 days after the primary injection; booster enhances both humoral and cell‑mediated responses, extending protection for up to 12 months.
- Safety profile: Mild local swelling at the injection site is the most common adverse effect; systemic reactions are rare when the vaccine is stored and handled according to manufacturer guidelines.
- Storage requirements: Refrigerated at 2–8 °C; avoid freezing; protect from light to maintain antigen integrity.
Regulatory considerations require that the vaccine be administered only to animals housed in barrier‑controlled environments, and that records of vaccination dates, batch numbers, and observed reactions be kept in the colony management system. Proper use of the R‑and‑M vaccine contributes to reduced pathogen load, improved animal welfare, and more reliable scientific data.