How to set up a cage for rats? - briefly
Choose a solid‑bottom cage with good ventilation, line the base with absorbent bedding, and add a secure hideout, water bottle, and chewable enrichment items. Place the cage on a stable surface away from direct sunlight and drafts, and clean it weekly to maintain hygiene.
How to set up a cage for rats? - in detail
A suitable rat enclosure requires a minimum floor area of 0.5 m² per animal, with a height of at least 30 cm to allow climbing. Wire cages should have a bar spacing of no more than 1 cm to prevent escape. Acrylic or glass tanks are acceptable if they provide adequate ventilation through drilled holes or mesh lids.
Select a substrate that absorbs moisture and controls odor, such as aspen shavings, paper bedding, or hemp. Avoid pine and cedar, which contain volatile oils harmful to respiratory health. Lay a 2‑3 cm layer of bedding, then add a corner nest box made of untreated wood or plastic. Provide a solid floor section for feeding and a separate area for sleeping.
Essential accessories include:
- A water bottle with a metal spout, cleaned weekly.
- A stainless‑steel or chew‑proof food dish, refilled daily.
- Several chew toys (untreated wood blocks, cardboard tunnels) to promote dental wear.
- A hideout or PVC pipe to reduce stress.
- A sand bath (2‑3 cm deep) for grooming, placed on a non‑slipping mat.
Lighting should mimic a natural photoperiod of 12 hours light and 12 hours darkness. Use a low‑intensity LED bulb placed outside the cage to avoid heat buildup. Ensure at least one opening per side for fresh air flow; a small fan can be added to improve circulation, but avoid direct drafts on the animals.
Cleaning protocol:
- Spot‑clean soiled bedding daily, removing droppings and wet areas.
- Perform a full substrate change weekly, washing the cage with mild detergent and rinsing thoroughly.
- Disinfect accessories with a diluted bleach solution (1 part bleach to 10 parts water) weekly, then rinse and dry before reuse.
Safety checks:
- Inspect wire mesh for rust or loose sections before each use.
- Verify that the water bottle does not leak.
- Ensure chew toys are free of splinters or toxic coatings.
By adhering to these specifications, the enclosure will provide a secure, hygienic, and stimulating environment that supports the health and well‑being of pet rats.