"Glass" - what is it, definition of the term
Glass is an amorphous, non‑crystalline solid formed by rapidly cooling a molten blend chiefly of silica, soda ash, and lime, yielding a hard, transparent material with high chemical resistance, low thermal conductivity, and brittleness, commonly utilized for containers, windows, and optical components.
Detailed information
The vitreous material is a non‑crystalline solid composed primarily of silicon dioxide, combined with oxides of sodium, calcium, and other additives to modify thermal expansion, durability, and optical clarity. Its amorphous structure yields a uniform refractive index, high transparency across the visible spectrum, and resistance to chemical corrosion. Mechanical strength varies with annealing processes; tempered variants achieve compressive surface stress that enhances impact resistance, while laminated forms incorporate interlayers to prevent shattering.
In laboratory environments, this transparent substrate serves as a barrier for small rodent studies. Cages equipped with clear panels enable visual monitoring without disturbing the animals, facilitating behavioral assays and phenotypic scoring. The material’s smooth surface prevents gnawing damage, yet rodents can detect subtle vibrations, influencing exploratory patterns. Cleaning protocols rely on its chemical inertness; mild detergents and ethanol solutions remove contaminants without degrading optical quality.
Key considerations for employing the vitreous material in rodent work:
- Visibility: Allows continuous observation, reduces handling stress.
- Integrity: Tempered or laminated options minimize breakage risk.
- Sanitation: Tolerates repeated sterilization cycles, maintains clarity.
- Thermal properties: Low thermal conductivity reduces condensation on interior surfaces.
Understanding these attributes supports the selection of appropriate transparent enclosures, ensuring reliable data collection while maintaining animal welfare.