Where should rats be kept? - briefly
A suitable habitat for rats is a sturdy, escape‑proof cage with a solid floor, adequate ventilation, and enough space for movement and enrichment. Include bedding, hideouts, and regular cleaning to maintain health.
Where should rats be kept? - in detail
Rats require a secure, well‑ventilated enclosure that mimics natural conditions while allowing for easy maintenance. A solid‑bottom cage made of metal or heavy‑gauge plastic prevents escape and supports stable temperature. Minimum floor space should be 0.5 m² per pair, with additional vertical levels to increase usable area.
Bedding must be absorbent, dust‑free, and non‑toxic. Paper‑based substrates, shredded paper, or aspen shavings meet these criteria, whereas cedar or pine release harmful oils and should be avoided.
The enclosure’s location influences health and behavior. Place the cage in a quiet room away from direct sunlight, drafts, and loud appliances. Ambient temperature should remain between 18 °C and 24 °C, with humidity around 40‑60 %.
Enrichment items promote natural foraging and climbing. Provide tunnels, chewable toys, hammocks, and climbing structures made of untreated wood or safe plastics. Rotate items regularly to sustain interest.
Food and water containers must be sturdy and spill‑proof. Stainless‑steel bottles and heavy ceramic dishes reduce contamination risk. Clean food dishes daily; replace water at least once per day.
Routine cleaning maintains hygiene. Perform a full cage change weekly, removing all waste, replacing bedding, and disinfecting surfaces with a mild, rodent‑safe sanitizer. Spot‑clean soiled areas daily to prevent ammonia buildup.
Health monitoring includes regular observation for signs of respiratory distress, fur loss, or abnormal behavior. Immediate veterinary consultation is advised if symptoms appear.
By adhering to these guidelines—adequate space, appropriate materials, optimal environmental conditions, enrichment, and diligent maintenance—rats thrive in a safe, comfortable setting.