What is the name of the white rat breed? - briefly
The white laboratory rat is commonly referred to as the «Albino rat» (Rattus norvegicus).
What is the name of the white rat breed? - in detail
The white‑coated variety of Rattus norvegicus is commonly referred to as the albino rat. This designation applies to individuals lacking melanin, resulting in pink eyes and a pure white fur coat.
Genetic basis
- Mutation in the c gene blocks melanin production.
- Homozygous recessive genotype (cc) produces the albino phenotype.
Key characteristics
- Pink or red irises due to visible blood vessels.
- White fur with no pigment markings.
- Calm temperament, making the strain popular in laboratory research and as a pet.
Common uses
- Biomedical research, especially in genetics, toxicology, and pharmacology, because the lack of pigmentation simplifies visual assessments.
- Educational settings for teaching basic animal handling and genetics.
Breeding considerations
- Requires careful selection to maintain homozygosity for the c allele.
- Inbreeding depression can appear if lineage is not managed, leading to reduced vigor.
Health notes
- Susceptible to skin lesions due to lack of protective pigment.
- Requires protection from intense light to prevent ocular damage.
Overall, the albino rat represents the standard white breed within the domestic and scientific communities, distinguished by its genetic mutation, phenotype, and widespread application.