What is a water rat called? - briefly
The term “water rat” most commonly refers to the Australian water rat, Hydromys chrysogaster. In Europe, comparable semi‑aquatic rodents are called water voles.
What is a water rat called? - in detail
The mammal frequently referred to as a water rat is scientifically named Hydromys chrysogaster, commonly called the Australian swamp rat. It belongs to the family Muridae, subfamily Hydromyinae, which groups semi‑aquatic rodents.
Key characteristics include:
- Webbed hind feet and dense, water‑repellent fur that aid swimming.
- A diet of aquatic insects, crustaceans, small fish, and plant material.
- Habitat preference for freshwater streams, swamps, and coastal wetlands across eastern Australia and New Guinea.
Other regional species often confused with this animal are:
- Nectomys spp., known as neotropical water rats, inhabiting South American rivers.
- Rattus spp. with semi‑aquatic habits, such as the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) found near urban waterways.
Reproductive traits:
- Breeding occurs year‑round in tropical zones, with litters of 2–5 young.
- Offspring are born hairless and develop swimming ability within weeks.
Conservation status:
- Classified as Least Concern by the IUCN, though habitat degradation and water pollution pose localized threats.
In summary, the term “water rat” designates several semi‑aquatic rodent species, the most prominent being Hydromys chrysogaster, an Australian native adapted to life in and around freshwater environments.