What does a gray rat eat? - briefly
«Gray rats are opportunistic omnivores that consume grains, seeds, fruits, insects, small vertebrates and human food waste.» «Their diet shifts toward the most accessible resources, ranging from plant material in agricultural areas to carrion in urban environments.»
What does a gray rat eat? - in detail
The gray rat (scientific name «Rattus norvegicus») is an opportunistic omnivore found in urban, agricultural, and wild environments. Its feeding habits adapt to resource availability, allowing survival in diverse habitats.
Dietary composition includes plant matter, animal protein, and anthropogenic waste. Primary items are:
- Cereals and grains (wheat, barley, corn)
- Seeds and nuts
- Fresh fruits and vegetables (apples, carrots, berries)
- Insects, larvae, and other arthropods
- Small vertebrates or carrion
- Human‑derived refuse (bread, processed foods, pet chow)
Seasonal shifts affect intake. In spring, fresh vegetation and insects dominate; summer brings abundant fruits and seeds; autumn increases nut consumption; winter reliance grows on stored seeds, stored grain, and discarded human food.
In captivity, a balanced regimen mirrors natural proportions: 50 % high‑quality rodent pellets, 30 % fresh produce, 15 % protein sources (hard‑boiled egg, cooked meat), and 5 % occasional treats. Water must be continuously available and clean.
Nutritional requirements focus on protein (14–16 % of diet), fat (5–7 %), carbohydrates, fiber, vitamins, and minerals. Adequate calcium and phosphorus ratios prevent skeletal issues; vitamin C is unnecessary as synthesis occurs endogenously.
Hazardous foods include chocolate, caffeine, alcohol, raw beans, and foods high in salt or sugar. Exposure to rodenticides, moldy grain, or toxic plants can cause acute poisoning or chronic health problems.