What do you need to keep a pet rat? - briefly
Essential supplies include a solid‑bottom cage (minimum 2 ft × 1 ft × 1 ft), paper‑based bedding, a water bottle, a dish of high‑quality rat pellets, chew toys, and a hide box.
What do you need to keep a pet rat? - in detail
A suitable enclosure is the foundation of responsible rat ownership. Choose a multi‑level cage made of wire or solid plastic with a minimum floor area of 0.5 sq ft per animal; a solid base prevents foot injuries, while wire flooring allows droppings to fall through. Secure the cage with a latch that cannot be opened by a curious rat.
Bedding must be absorbent, dust‑free, and non‑toxic. Paper‑based or aspen shavings meet these criteria; avoid pine, cedar, or scented litters that can irritate the respiratory system. Replace soiled bedding weekly, and clean the entire cage monthly with mild, unscented detergent and hot water.
Nutrition consists of a balanced rat‑specific pellet, supplemented with fresh vegetables and occasional protein sources. Provide a water bottle with a stainless‑steel nozzle; check daily for leaks and clean the bottle weekly to prevent bacterial growth.
Enrichment items reduce stress and encourage natural behaviors. Include chew toys made of untreated wood, tunnels, climbing ropes, and hideouts. Rotate accessories regularly to maintain interest.
Health maintenance requires a veterinarian experienced with rodents. Schedule an initial health check, then annual examinations. Keep a basic first‑aid kit containing antiseptic solution, gauze, and a thermometer. Monitor for signs of respiratory distress, skin lesions, or abnormal droppings.
Cleaning supplies should include a dedicated scrub brush, disposable gloves, and a spray bottle for spot cleaning. Store all items in a dry, ventilated area away from direct sunlight.
Finally, allocate time for daily interaction. Rats thrive on social contact; handling for 10–15 minutes each day promotes bonding and mental stimulation. Consistent routine, proper environment, and attentive care ensure a healthy, content companion.