How should a decorative rat be kept? - briefly
House the animal in a spacious, escape‑proof enclosure with solid flooring, provide a balanced diet of high‑quality pellets supplemented with fresh vegetables, and ensure daily cleaning and enrichment items such as tunnels and chew toys.
How should a decorative rat be kept? - in detail
A decorative rat requires a secure, well‑ventilated enclosure that provides enough space for movement and exploration. A minimum floor area of 0.5 m² per animal is advisable; larger cages reduce stress and promote natural behavior. The cage should have a solid base covered with absorbent, dust‑free bedding such as paper strips or aspen shavings. Provide multiple nesting sites using untreated fabric or shredded paper, and include climbing structures, tunnels, and chewable toys to satisfy the species’ instinctual activities.
Dietary guidelines
- Offer a balanced commercial rodent pellet as the staple food; ensure the product lists high-quality protein and low fat.
- Supplement with fresh vegetables (e.g., carrots, broccoli, leafy greens) no more than 10 % of the total intake, avoiding toxic plants such as avocado or citrus peel.
- Provide a limited amount of fruit (e.g., apple slices) twice weekly for enrichment.
- Supply fresh water daily in a sipper bottle; replace the bottle and clean it weekly to prevent bacterial growth.
Health and hygiene
- Inspect the animal daily for signs of respiratory distress, skin lesions, or abnormal behavior.
- Schedule a veterinary examination at least once a year with a practitioner experienced in small mammals.
- Perform a full cage cleaning weekly: remove soiled bedding, wash all surfaces with a mild, unscented disinfectant, and replace with fresh substrate.
- Monitor temperature, maintaining ambient conditions between 18 °C and 24 °C; avoid drafts and direct sunlight.
Social considerations
- Keep rats in same‑sex groups of at least two individuals; solitary housing increases anxiety and can lead to health problems.
- Introduce new companions gradually, using a neutral neutral space and observing interactions for aggression.
- Handle the animal gently, supporting its body and allowing it to become accustomed to human contact over several short sessions each day.
Enrichment and mental stimulation
- Rotate toys and rearrange cage objects weekly to prevent habituation.
- Provide foraging opportunities by hiding small food portions within shredded paper or puzzle feeders.
- Offer safe chew blocks to maintain dental health; replace when worn down.
Following these measures ensures that a decorative rat lives in a condition that supports physical well‑being, mental health, and longevity.