How much should a domestic rat eat? - briefly
A pet rat generally requires 15–20 g of high‑quality dry pellets per 100 g of body weight each day, supplemented with constant access to fresh water and a small amount of fresh vegetables or fruit. This diet provides roughly 30–35 kcal daily, sufficient to maintain health and activity.
How much should a domestic rat eat? - in detail
Domestic rats require a balanced diet that supplies sufficient calories, protein, fat, fiber, vitamins and minerals to support growth, reproduction and activity. Energy needs vary with age, size, sex and activity level; a typical adult rat weighing 300–350 g consumes approximately 15–20 kcal per day, which translates to 30–40 g of dry food weight.
Caloric distribution should approximate : protein 15–20 % of total calories, fat 5–10 %, carbohydrates 70–80 %. Commercial rat pellets formulated for laboratory or pet use meet these ratios and provide consistent nutrient content. Fresh vegetables and occasional fruit add fiber and micronutrients, while a small protein source (hard‑boiled egg, cooked chicken, mealworms) supplies essential amino acids.
Feeding schedule:
- Offer measured portion of pellets twice daily; split total daily amount evenly.
- Provide a handful of leafy greens (e.g., romaine lettuce, kale) once a day; remove uneaten portions after a few hours.
- Supply a small piece of fruit (e.g., apple slice, banana) no more than twice weekly.
- Limit high‑sugar treats and seeds to occasional rewards.
Water must be available at all times in a clean bottle or bowl; rats drink 10–15 ml per 100 g body weight each day.
Adjustments:
- Juvenile rats (under 8 weeks) need 25–30 kcal per day; increase pellet portion accordingly.
- Pregnant or lactating females require an additional 20–30 % calories; supplement with extra protein sources.
- Overweight rats (body condition score 4–5 on a 5‑point scale) should have intake reduced by 10 % and receive increased fiber to promote satiety.
Monitoring body weight weekly and observing coat condition, activity level and fecal consistency provide practical feedback on dietary adequacy.