"Cup" - what is it, definition of the term
The noun «Cup» designates a shallow, usually cylindrical or rounded container crafted from materials such as ceramic, glass, metal or plastic, intended to hold liquids for direct consumption; it incorporates a handle for manual grip, a lip that guides pouring, and a stable base that rests on a surface. Typical dimensions range from a few centimeters in height for espresso vessels to larger forms for tea or soup, with interior capacities commonly between 100 ml and 500 ml. Variants include insulated models that preserve temperature, disposable paper types for single‑use service, and decorative versions employed in ceremonial settings.
Detailed information
The drinking vessel designed for laboratory rodents typically features a shallow basin, low rim, and a secure attachment to the cage wall. Materials range from high‑density polyethylene, which resists corrosion and can be autoclaved, to glass, which offers transparency for visual monitoring of fluid levels. Ceramic options provide durability but require careful handling to avoid breakage during cleaning cycles.
Key design attributes include:
- Capacity: volumes between 5 ml and 30 ml accommodate the limited daily intake of small mammals while minimizing spillage.
- Spout configuration: narrow channels reduce wastage and prevent accidental ingestion of bedding.
- Mounting system: snap‑fit brackets or screw‑in fittings ensure stability under the activity of agile species such as rats and mice.
Maintenance protocols emphasize sterilization after each use. Autoclave cycles at 121 °C for 15 minutes effectively eliminate microbial contamination without degrading polymer integrity. For glass vessels, chemical disinfectants (e.g., 10 % bleach solution) followed by thorough rinsing are standard practice.
Labeling conventions employ durable, water‑resistant tags that indicate fluid type, concentration, and preparation date. This practice supports traceability and compliance with animal welfare regulations.
When selecting a vessel for specific experimental conditions, consider the following factors:
- Chemical compatibility: ensure the material does not react with administered substances.
- Behavioral impact: low‑profile designs reduce interference with natural nesting and foraging activities.
- Ease of access: smooth interior surfaces facilitate precise measurement of consumption.
Overall, the appropriate choice and upkeep of a drinking vessel contribute to reliable fluid intake data, animal health, and reproducibility of research outcomes.