Which plants do rats eat? - briefly
Rats typically feed on grasses, cereal grains, leafy vegetables, fruits, and occasional tuberous roots.
Which plants do rats eat? - in detail
Rats are omnivorous mammals that regularly incorporate plant material into their diet. Their consumption patterns depend on availability, species, and environment, but several plant groups are consistently favored.
- Cereals and grains – wheat, oats, barley, rice, corn, and millet provide carbohydrates and protein. In agricultural settings, rats often gnaw on stored kernels and processed grain products.
- Legumes – peas, beans, lentils, and soybeans supply nitrogen‑rich protein. Sprouted seeds are especially attractive because of their tender texture.
- Fruits – apples, pears, grapes, berries, bananas, and melons offer sugars and moisture. Rats prefer ripe or overripe fruit, which is easier to chew and digest.
- Vegetables – carrots, potatoes, sweet potatoes, cucumbers, and squash are consumed for starches, vitamins, and water content. Leafy stems such as celery and fennel are also common.
- Leafy greens – lettuce, kale, spinach, Swiss chard, and collard greens provide fiber and micronutrients. Young, tender leaves are preferred over mature, fibrous ones.
- Herbs and aromatic plants – mint, basil, parsley, cilantro, and dill are frequently gnawed for their aromatic compounds and moisture.
- Ornamental and garden plants – petunias, marigolds, nasturtiums, and certain flowering vines are eaten when accessible, especially during the growing season.
Rats exhibit selective feeding behavior. They often favor soft, high‑energy tissues and avoid plants with strong defensive chemicals. Toxic species such as oleander, foxglove, and certain nightshades are generally rejected, although hungry individuals may still sample them.
In wild habitats, the plant portion of a rat’s diet can constitute up to 70 % of total intake, supplemented by insects, small vertebrates, and carrion. Pet rats, when offered a balanced commercial diet, will still seek fresh produce and may develop a preference for specific fruits or greens. Providing a variety of safe plant foods supports dental health, digestive function, and overall well‑being.