What should you put in a rat's cage? - briefly
Include a solid-bottom cage equipped with absorbent bedding, a secure hideout, chewable toys, a water bottle, and a food dish. Add tunnels or climbing structures to provide enrichment and exercise.
What should you put in a rat's cage? - in detail
A healthy rat enclosure requires a balanced combination of shelter, nutrition, and stimulation.
The base layer should consist of an absorbent, dust‑free substrate such as paper‑based bedding or aspen shavings. Avoid pine or cedar, which release volatile oils harmful to rodents. Replace a portion of the bedding weekly to control odor and maintain hygiene.
Provide at least one secure hideaway where the animal can retreat. Options include:
- Small wooden house with ventilation holes
- PVC pipe cut to length and capped on both ends
- Fabric nest box made from washable fleece
Water must be supplied continuously through a metal sipper bottle equipped with a stainless‑steel nozzle. Position the bottle away from food to prevent contamination.
Nutrition is delivered via a high‑quality rat pellet formulated for laboratory‑grade rodents, supplemented with occasional fresh foods:
- Small pieces of apple, carrot, or banana (no more than a teaspoon per day)
- Leafy greens such as kale or romaine lettuce
- Cooked egg white or plain yogurt for protein
Enrichment items prevent boredom and encourage natural behaviors:
- Chew blocks or untreated wooden sticks to wear down incisors
- Ladder or rope for climbing, attached to the cage wall
- Cardboard tunnels or rolled paper tubes for exploration
Cleaning tools include a dedicated scrub brush, mild detergent free of fragrances, and a spray bottle for disinfectant solution. Perform a full cage clean monthly; spot‑clean daily by removing soiled bedding and waste.
Lighting should mimic a natural day‑night cycle, with 12‑14 hours of light followed by darkness. Use a low‑intensity bulb or rely on ambient household lighting; avoid ultraviolet lamps unless specifically required for health reasons.
Finally, ensure the cage is escape‑proof: wire spacing no larger than three‑quarter inch, a secure latch, and a solid floor to prevent burrowing through. Regularly inspect all components for wear and replace as needed.