What is prohibited to give rats? - briefly
Rats must not receive chocolate, caffeine, alcohol, avocado, raw beans, or any toxic chemicals.
What is prohibited to give rats? - in detail
Rats should never receive foods or substances that can cause toxicity, digestive upset, or long‑term health problems. The following categories are unsafe:
- Chocolate and cocoa products – contain theobromine, which rats cannot metabolize and leads to cardiac arrhythmia and seizures.
- Caffeinated items – coffee, tea, soda, and energy drinks contain caffeine that overstimulates the nervous system and can be fatal.
- Alcohol – even small amounts depress central nervous function and may result in respiratory failure.
- Raw or undercooked beans – especially kidney beans, contain phytohaemagglutinin, a potent toxin that damages the intestinal lining.
- Avocado skin, pit, and leaves – contain persin, a compound that can cause heart damage in rodents.
- Citrus peels and large quantities of citrus fruit – high acidity irritates the stomach and can lead to ulceration.
- Onions, garlic, chives, and leeks – belong to the Allium family; they contain thiosulfates that cause hemolytic anemia.
- High‑fat processed foods – chips, fried snacks, and fatty meats contribute to obesity, hepatic lipidosis, and pancreatitis.
- Sugary treats and artificial sweeteners – cause rapid blood‑sugar spikes and can be toxic; xylitol is especially dangerous, leading to hypoglycemia and liver failure.
- Dairy products – many rats lack lactase, resulting in diarrhea and gastrointestinal distress.
- Moldy or spoiled food – toxins from mold (mycotoxins) can damage the liver and kidneys.
- Heavy metals and chemical contaminants – lead, mercury, and pesticides present in some foods or water sources cause neurotoxicity and organ failure.
In addition to specific foods, avoid giving rats any non‑food items that could be ingested accidentally, such as plastic beads, rubber bands, or small metal parts, as they pose choking hazards and may cause intestinal blockage. Always provide fresh water, a balanced commercial rodent diet, and occasional small portions of safe fresh vegetables or fruits as supplements.