What can a cat catch from a rat?

What can a cat catch from a rat? - briefly

Cats can acquire ectoparasites (fleas, mites) and zoonotic pathogens such as Salmonella, Leptospira and hantavirus from a captured rodent. These agents may cause gastrointestinal, renal or respiratory illness in felines.

What can a cat catch from a rat? - in detail

A cat that kills a rodent may be exposed to several hazards.

  • Bacterial infections
    Yersinia pestis – the agent of plague, transmitted through bites or ingestion of infected tissue.
    Leptospira spp. – can enter through wounds, leading to kidney and liver damage.
    Salmonella spp. – cause gastrointestinal upset after consumption of contaminated meat.
    Streptobacillus moniliformis – responsible for rat‑bite fever, producing fever, arthritis and rash.

  • Viral agents
    • Hantavirus – present in rodent saliva and urine; inhalation of aerosols from the carcass may cause hemorrhagic fever.
    • Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus – can be transmitted through bite wounds, resulting in neurological symptoms.

  • Parasitic infestations
    • Tapeworms (e.g., Taenia taeniaeformis) – develop from larval cysts in the rat’s organs; adult tapeworms reside in the cat’s intestine.
    • Roundworms (Toxocara spp.) – eggs may be ingested with the prey, leading to intestinal infection.
    • Fleas and mites – the rodent may carry ectoparasites that transfer to the cat, causing dermatitis and secondary infections.

  • Physical trauma
    • Puncture wounds from the rat’s incisors can become infected, especially if the animal’s mouth harbors pathogenic bacteria.
    • Scratches or claw injuries inflicted during the struggle may introduce the same agents listed above.

  • Toxins
    • Anticoagulant rodenticides, if present in the rat’s system, can be ingested and cause coagulopathy in the cat.

Each hazard requires specific preventive measures: regular veterinary check‑ups, prompt wound cleaning, appropriate deworming, and avoidance of rodent control chemicals that may accumulate in prey.