How should you keep a pet rat in a cage? - briefly
Use a roomy cage with a solid base, multiple levels, nesting material, and chewable enrichment items. Clean spot‑daily, replace bedding weekly, provide fresh water and a balanced diet, and monitor health regularly.
How should you keep a pet rat in a cage? - in detail
A pet rat requires a cage that supports its natural behaviors and health. Choose a wire or solid-bottom enclosure with a minimum floor area of 2 sq ft per animal; larger space reduces stress and encourages activity. Ensure bars are spaced no wider than ½ inch to prevent escape.
Ventilation must be adequate; at least one side of the cage should be open or equipped with a breathable mesh. Provide a secure lid to protect against predators and prevent climbing out. Position the cage away from direct sunlight, drafts, and loud appliances to maintain a stable temperature between 65‑75 °F (18‑24 °C).
Bedding should be absorbent, dust‑free, and safe if ingested. Paper‑based or aspen shavings are preferred; avoid cedar or pine, which contain aromatic oils harmful to rodents’ respiratory systems. Replace soiled bedding weekly and clean the entire cage with mild, unscented soap and hot water every two weeks.
Enrichment items are essential for mental stimulation. Include:
- A solid platform or hammock for climbing
- Chewable toys made of untreated wood or cardboard
- A tunnel or PVC pipe for exploration
- A small wheel (minimum 8‑inch diameter) that rotates freely and has a solid surface
Food and water containers must be sturdy, tip‑proof, and easy to clean. Provide a balanced diet of high‑quality rat pellets, supplemented with fresh vegetables, fruits, and occasional protein sources such as boiled egg or mealworms. Change water daily and inspect containers for contamination.
Health monitoring includes daily observation of coat condition, activity level, and waste. Look for signs of respiratory distress, abnormal discharge, or changes in appetite. Schedule veterinary check‑ups at least twice a year with a practitioner experienced in small mammals.
By selecting an appropriately sized, well‑ventilated cage, using safe bedding, offering regular enrichment, maintaining hygiene, and monitoring health, a domesticated rat can thrive in captivity.