How should I set up a cage for two rats?

How should I set up a cage for two rats? - briefly

Choose a cage of at least 60 × 30 × 30 cm with a solid base, multiple levels, and chew‑resistant bars. Add nesting material, a hideout, a water bottle, a balanced diet, and schedule regular cleaning.

How should I set up a cage for two rats? - in detail

When housing two rats, the enclosure must provide sufficient space, enrichment, and a safe environment. A minimum floor area of 80 × 40 cm is recommended; larger dimensions improve comfort and reduce territorial disputes. Height should allow vertical climbing, with a minimum of 30 cm.

Essential components

  • Solid basewire flooring can cause foot injuries; use a solid, easy‑to‑clean substrate such as paper‑based bedding or aspen shavings.
  • Secure lid – rats are adept escape artists; a tightly fitting lid with no gaps prevents accidental exits.
  • Ventilation – multiple openings ensure airflow while maintaining temperature stability.
  • Hideouts – at least two separate shelters per animal, constructed from untreated wood or safe plastic, provide retreat spaces.
  • Climbing structures – wooden branches, ropes, or PVC tubes encourage natural arboreal behavior.
  • Chewing items – untreated willow, apple wood, or cardboard blocks satisfy gnawing urges and protect cage accessories.
  • Water bottle – stainless‑steel or glass bottle with a sipper tube prevents leakage and contamination.
  • Food dish – heavy ceramic or stainless‑steel bowl prevents tipping during active foraging.

Setup procedure

  1. Place the solid base inside the enclosure, spreading an even layer of bedding to a depth of 2–3 cm.
  2. Install the lid, checking for secure hinges and ensuring no gaps larger than 1 cm.
  3. Position hideouts on opposite sides of the cage to reduce competition for shelter.
  4. Attach climbing elements to the upper interior walls, leaving at least 5 cm between each to allow movement.
  5. Secure chewing items at accessible heights, rotating them weekly to maintain interest.
  6. Mount the water bottle on the side wall, adjusting the sipper to prevent drips.
  7. Add the food dish in a corner away from the water source to reduce contamination.
  8. Perform a final inspection for sharp edges, loose wires, or hazardous materials.

Maintenance guidelines

  • Clean the cage weekly: replace bedding, wash all accessories with mild detergent, and rinse thoroughly.
  • Inspect hideouts and chewables for wear; replace any splintered or excessively worn pieces.
  • Monitor water bottle for leaks; refill with fresh water daily.
  • Observe the rats for signs of stress or aggression; adjust hideout placement or increase cage size if needed.

By following these specifications, the enclosure will support the physical health, behavioral needs, and social harmony of a pair of rats.