How should I care for a rat and what should I feed it? - briefly
Provide a spacious cage with appropriate bedding, routine cleaning, enrichment items, and regular veterinary health checks; feed a balanced diet of high‑quality rat pellets complemented by fresh fruits, vegetables, and occasional protein sources such as boiled egg or mealworms.
How should I care for a rat and what should I feed it? - in detail
Rats thrive when provided with a secure enclosure, balanced nutrition, and regular interaction. A well‑ventilated cage of at least 18 × 12 inches per animal, equipped with solid flooring, absorbent bedding, and chew‑safe accessories, prevents injury and supports natural behavior. Clean the habitat weekly, removing waste and replacing bedding; spot‑clean daily to control odor.
Monitor health by observing coat condition, activity level, and appetite. Signs such as nasal discharge, wheezing, or sudden weight loss require veterinary attention. Trim nails only when they become overgrown; provide a sand bath for grooming.
Nutrition consists of three components:
- Base pellet or block diet: high‑quality rodent formulation delivering 18–20 % protein, 4–6 % fat, and adequate fiber.
- Fresh produce: small portions of leafy greens (kale, romaine), carrots, and apple slices; introduce gradually to prevent digestive upset.
- Protein supplements: cooked egg, lean chicken, or mealworms offered no more than twice weekly.
Supply fresh water daily in a sipper bottle; replace it each evening to avoid contamination. Avoid sugary treats, chocolate, caffeine, onions, garlic, and raw beans, all of which are toxic.
Enrichment includes tunnels, climbing structures, and hideouts; rotate items weekly to sustain interest. Handle rats gently, supporting the body and limiting sessions to 5–10 minutes initially, extending as trust develops. Social housing of compatible pairs or groups reduces stress and encourages natural grooming.
Consistent cage maintenance, vigilant health checks, and a diet that meets protein, fat, fiber, and vitamin requirements form the core of responsible rat husbandry.