How should a cage for a rat be prepared? - briefly
Install a secure, well‑ventilated cage with a solid floor, suitable bedding, a hideout, chew toys, a water bottle, and a balanced diet, and schedule routine cleaning. Maintain stable temperature, avoid toxic materials, and provide adequate space for movement and exploration.
How should a cage for a rat be prepared? - in detail
A proper rat enclosure requires a minimum floor area of 0.5 m² per animal, with additional space for groups. Wire cages with a spacing of no more than 1 cm prevent escape and injury; acrylic or plastic alternatives must have secure latches and adequate ventilation. The base should be covered with a 2–3 cm layer of absorbent bedding such as aspen shavings, avoiding cedar or pine, which contain harmful oils. Replace soiled bedding at least twice weekly, and perform a full substrate change monthly.
Essential items include:
- Food dish with a solid base to prevent tipping.
- Water bottle equipped with a stainless‑steel nozzle, checked daily for leaks.
- Hideaway (e.g., wooden house or PVC tunnel) providing darkness and security.
- Chewable objects (untreated wood blocks, cardboard tubes) to wear down incisors.
- Climbing structures (rope, ladders, platforms) encouraging natural locomotion.
Placement of food and water away from the hideaway reduces contamination. Secure all accessories to the cage walls to avoid displacement. Inspect wire mesh for rust, sharp edges, or loose connections before each use.
Cleaning protocol:
- Remove rats and place them in a temporary, secure carrier.
- Discard all soiled bedding and wash the cage with warm water and a mild, non‑iodine detergent.
- Rinse thoroughly to eliminate residue, then dry completely.
- Reapply fresh bedding, reinstall accessories, and return the animals.
Location of the cage should be away from direct sunlight, drafts, and loud vibrations. Maintain ambient temperature between 18 °C and 24 °C, with relative humidity of 40–60 %. Regular health checks for skin lesions, respiratory signs, and dental wear complement the environmental preparation, ensuring a safe and stimulating habitat for the rodents.