How do you keep a pet rat? - briefly
Provide a secure, well‑ventilated cage with solid flooring, wood‑shaving or paper bedding, and supply fresh water, commercial rat pellets, and occasional fruits and vegetables; add tunnels, chew toys, and daily handling to keep the animal mentally stimulated. Clean the enclosure weekly, replace soiled bedding, and watch for any signs of illness.
How do you keep a pet rat? - in detail
Rats thrive when provided with a secure enclosure, balanced nutrition, mental stimulation, and regular veterinary oversight.
A suitable cage should be solid‑bottom, at least 18 in × 12 in × 12 in for a pair, with a wire mesh top for ventilation. Use chew‑proof bars spaced no more than ½ in apart to prevent escape. Include a nest box, a hideaway, and a solid platform for climbing. Bedding made of paper or aspen shavings absorbs moisture and reduces odor; avoid pine, cedar, or scented litters that can irritate the respiratory system.
Feed a diet consisting of a high‑quality laboratory rat mix, supplemented with small portions of fresh vegetables (broccoli, carrots, bell pepper) and occasional fruit (apple, banana). Provide a continuous supply of clean water in a bottle with a metal spout. Limit treats to no more than 10 % of total caloric intake.
Enrichment is essential. Rotate toys such as tunnels, cardboard tubes, wooden blocks, and safe chew items daily. Offer opportunities for climbing by installing ladders or ropes. Schedule short, gentle handling sessions each day to build trust and reduce stress.
Health monitoring includes checking for signs of respiratory infection (sneezing, nasal discharge), skin lesions, and abnormal behavior. Schedule a wellness exam with an exotic‑animal veterinarian at least once a year. Maintain a regular cleaning routine: spot‑clean waste daily, replace soiled bedding weekly, and disinfect the cage and accessories monthly with a mild, non‑toxic solution.
Rats are social animals; keeping at least two of the same sex prevents loneliness and promotes natural behaviors. Introduce new companions gradually in a neutral space to avoid aggression.
By adhering to these guidelines—secure housing, appropriate diet, environmental enrichment, routine health checks, and social interaction—a pet rat can live a healthy, active life.