How can you tell if a rat has a cold? - briefly
Signs such as nasal discharge, frequent sneezing, watery eyes, labored breathing, lethargy, and loss of appetite indicate a respiratory infection in a rat. A veterinarian can confirm the condition through clinical examination.
How can you tell if a rat has a cold? - in detail
Rats suffering from an upper‑respiratory infection display several observable signs. Look for nasal discharge that is clear, thick, or pus‑filled; the animal may sniff or sneeze frequently. The eyes often become watery or develop crusty rims. A reduction in activity, diminished appetite, and a slight weight loss indicate systemic involvement. Respiratory sounds may change: auscultation can reveal wheezing, crackles, or a softer breath compared to normal.
Body temperature provides another clue. Normal rat temperature ranges from 37.5 °C to 39 °C; a measured drop below 36 °C suggests hypothermia associated with illness. Pulse and respiration rates increase: a healthy adult rat breathes 70–120 breaths per minute; rates exceeding 150 signal distress.
Laboratory confirmation can be obtained by sampling nasal swabs for viral or bacterial cultures. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing identifies common pathogens such as Sendai virus or Mycoplasma pulmonis. Blood work may show mild leukocytosis or a shift toward neutrophils.
Management steps include:
- Isolating the affected animal to prevent spread.
- Providing a warm, draft‑free environment to support thermoregulation.
- Offering easily digestible, high‑calorie food and hydration supplements.
- Administering veterinary‑prescribed antibiotics if a bacterial component is confirmed.
- Using supportive care such as nebulized saline to loosen secretions.
Monitoring continues until the discharge clears, appetite normalizes, and respiratory rates return to baseline. Persistent symptoms beyond a week warrant re‑evaluation by a veterinarian.