What should you do if a rat has a runny nose and sneezing? - briefly
Isolate the rat, keep it warm and stress‑free, and contact a veterinarian promptly for diagnosis and appropriate treatment; monitor for other signs such as lethargy, loss of appetite, or abnormal breathing.
What should you do if a rat has a runny nose and sneezing? - in detail
If a pet rat displays nasal discharge and frequent sneezing, begin by separating the animal from its cage mates to prevent possible spread of infection. Observe the rat for additional signs such as lethargy, loss of appetite, or abnormal breathing.
Inspect the nose for crusted secretions or blood and gently wipe away any buildup with a damp, soft cloth. Check the eyes and ears for discharge, and feel the abdomen for signs of pain or swelling. Record the frequency and intensity of sneezes, noting any triggers such as dust or strong odors.
Contact a qualified exotic‑animal veterinarian promptly. The clinician will likely perform a physical exam, auscultate the lungs, and may request diagnostic tests such as a nasal swab for bacterial culture, PCR for viral agents, or radiographs to assess the respiratory tract. Early professional intervention reduces the risk of complications like pneumonia.
While awaiting veterinary care, maintain a clean, well‑ventilated environment. Replace bedding with low‑dust, absorbent material and clean the cage thoroughly with mild, pet‑safe disinfectant. Provide a humidified area— a small, warm humidifier set on low can help loosen mucus without creating excess moisture that promotes mold.
If the veterinarian recommends, administer prescribed antibiotics, antivirals, or supportive medications exactly as instructed. In cases where only mild irritation is present, a few drops of sterile saline solution in each nostril, applied with a fine pipette, can soothe the mucosa. Ensure the rat continues to receive fresh water and a balanced diet rich in protein and vitamin C to support immune function.
Prevent recurrence by monitoring humidity levels (40‑60 % relative humidity), avoiding drafts, and keeping the enclosure free of strong scents, tobacco smoke, and aerosolized cleaners. Regular health checks, proper nutrition, and a stress‑free environment are essential for maintaining respiratory health in small rodents.