What should I do if mice have gnawed the bark of an apple tree during winter? - briefly
Wrap the damaged section with tree wrap or burlap and apply a tree‑wound dressing to protect the exposed cambium. Set traps or use rodent repellents to eliminate the mice and prevent further gnawing.
What should I do if mice have gnawed the bark of an apple tree during winter? - in detail
If rodents have stripped bark from an apple tree during the winter months, immediate action is required to prevent further injury and to promote recovery.
First, assess the damage. Identify girdled sections where the bark has been completely removed around the trunk or branches. If a continuous ring of missing bark exists, the vascular tissue is severed and the portion above the girdle will not receive water and nutrients.
Second, protect the exposed tissue. Apply a thick layer of horticultural wax, tree sealant, or a commercial bark wrap directly over the wound. The coating should be smooth, waterproof, and extend at least 2 inches (5 cm) beyond the damaged edges to shield against desiccation and additional chewing.
Third, encourage new growth. After the protective layer is in place, prune any dead or severely weakened shoots that extend beyond the wound. Clean cuts with a sharp, sterilized tool and treat the stubs with a pruning sealant to reduce sap loss.
Fourth, improve tree vigor. During the dormant season, supply the tree with a balanced, slow‑release fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium at a rate recommended for fruit trees. Mulch around the root zone with organic material (e.g., leaf litter or compost) to retain moisture and insulate roots from temperature fluctuations.
Fifth, deter future rodent activity. Install a physical barrier such as a metal or plastic tree guard that encircles the trunk, extending from the ground to several feet above the highest bark damage. Secure the guard with wire or staples, ensuring no gaps. Complement the barrier with bait stations or traps placed at a safe distance from the tree to reduce the local mouse population.
Sixth, monitor progress throughout the following growing season. Check the protective coating each spring for cracks or wear and reapply as needed. Observe for signs of new cambium formation, leaf emergence, and overall health. If the tree shows no recovery after one full season, consider consulting an arborist for possible grafting or advanced treatment.
By sealing wounds, removing compromised growth, enhancing nutrition, and preventing further gnawing, an apple tree can often survive winter bark damage and resume normal development.