What should I do if I bought a rat? - briefly
Secure a spacious, escape‑proof cage with bedding, provide a balanced diet of pellets, fresh vegetables, and occasional protein, and arrange a veterinary examination within the first week. Familiarize yourself with the species’ social, enrichment, and hygiene requirements to maintain health and prevent accidents.
What should I do if I bought a rat? - in detail
If you have recently acquired a rat, begin by securing a suitable enclosure. Choose a cage with solid flooring, adequate ventilation, and a minimum size of 2 ft × 1 ft × 1 ft per animal. Install a secure lid to prevent escapes.
Provide proper bedding. Use paper‑based or aspen shavings; avoid cedar or pine, which release harmful oils. Layer 2–3 inches deep, replace weekly, and fully change every month.
Supply fresh water daily. A stainless‑steel bottle with a sipper tube works best; clean the bottle and nozzle each week to prevent bacterial growth.
Offer a balanced diet. Combine a high‑quality rat block or pellet with occasional fresh fruits and vegetables (e.g., apple, carrot, broccoli). Limit treats to no more than 10 % of total intake. Provide a small piece of clean, untreated wood for gnawing.
Set up enrichment. Include tunnels, climbing structures, and chew toys to stimulate natural behaviors and reduce stress. Rotate items regularly to maintain interest.
Schedule a health check. Locate a veterinarian experienced with small rodents within the first week. Arrange an initial exam to assess weight, coat condition, and signs of illness. Establish a vaccination or parasite‑control plan if recommended.
Establish a routine. Handle the rat gently for several minutes each day, allowing it to climb onto your hand and explore. Consistent interaction builds trust and reduces fear.
Maintain cleanliness. Spot‑clean droppings and uneaten food daily. Perform a full cage cleaning weekly: remove all items, wash with mild soap, rinse thoroughly, and replace bedding.
Monitor behavior. Watch for changes in activity level, appetite, or grooming. Signs such as lethargy, nasal discharge, or abnormal swelling require immediate veterinary attention.
Plan for long‑term care. Rats live 2–3 years; ensure you have the time, resources, and commitment to meet their needs throughout their lifespan. Consider a compatible companion if you can provide adequate space and supervision, as rats are social animals.