What should I do if a rat has blood coming from its mouth? - briefly
Isolate the rat, keep it calm and warm, and contact a veterinarian immediately. Do not try to stop the bleeding or feed the animal yourself.
What should I do if a rat has blood coming from its mouth? - in detail
If a rodent is bleeding from its oral cavity, immediate action is required to prevent shock, reduce blood loss, and secure professional veterinary care.
First, isolate the animal in a safe, quiet area away from other pets and potential stressors. Use a sturdy container with ventilation; line the bottom with a soft cloth to prevent further injury.
Next, perform a visual inspection. Look for obvious sources such as tooth fractures, gum lacerations, or foreign objects lodged in the mouth. Gently restrain the head with a gloved hand, applying light pressure to the cheek or jaw to slow bleeding if an obvious wound is visible. Do not attempt deep probing or forceful manipulation, which could exacerbate damage.
If the bleeding is profuse or the source cannot be identified, apply a clean, gauze pad soaked in sterile saline to the mouth’s exterior. Hold steady pressure for several minutes. Avoid using cotton swabs or any material that might be inhaled.
While maintaining pressure, assess the animal’s overall condition. Check for signs of shock: pale gums, rapid breathing, lethargy, or weak pulse. If any of these appear, keep the rodent warm by covering the container with a blanket and elevate its hindquarters slightly.
Contact a veterinarian without delay. Provide the following information: species, approximate age, weight, observed symptoms, and any recent trauma or illness. Follow the professional’s instructions regarding transport—use a secure carrier, keep the animal calm, and maintain a stable temperature.
During transport, continue gentle pressure on the bleeding site if necessary. Do not feed or give water until a veterinarian evaluates the situation, as swallowing may worsen bleeding.
After veterinary assessment, adhere strictly to prescribed treatment: medication, wound cleaning, possible suturing, or dietary adjustments. Monitor the animal closely for recurrence of bleeding, changes in behavior, or signs of infection. Maintain a clean environment, provide fresh water and appropriate nutrition, and limit handling until recovery is confirmed.
Prompt, calm, and methodical response maximizes the chance of a full recovery and minimizes complications.