What should I do if a rat has a cold at home? - briefly
Keep the rat in a warm, draft‑free cage, provide fresh water and soft food, and monitor for signs like labored breathing or nasal discharge. If symptoms persist or worsen after a day, consult a veterinarian promptly.
What should I do if a rat has a cold at home? - in detail
If a pet rat displays nasal discharge, sneezing, or reduced activity, begin by confirming that the symptoms are consistent with an upper‑respiratory infection rather than a more serious condition.
First, separate the affected animal from the rest of the colony to prevent spread. Place the rat in a clean cage with fresh bedding, ensuring the environment is draft‑free and maintains a temperature between 68–74 °F (20–23 °C).
Provide supplemental warmth by adding a low‑wattage heat lamp or a heating pad set on low, positioned so the rat can move away if it becomes too hot.
Increase ambient humidity to ease nasal congestion. Use a small ultrasonic humidifier or place a shallow dish of water near the cage; monitor moisture levels to avoid excess dampness that could promote mold growth.
Offer high‑quality water at all times, and add a few drops of unsweetened electrolyte solution if the rat appears dehydrated. Provide nutrient‑dense foods such as soft fruits, cooked egg white, or a commercial rodent formula softened with warm water to encourage intake.
Administer a mild, veterinary‑approved expectorant or nasal saline drops only after consulting a veterinarian; do not use over‑the‑counter human medications without professional guidance.
Maintain strict cage hygiene: replace soiled bedding daily, disinfect surfaces with a rodent‑safe cleaner, and wash food and water dishes each evening.
Schedule a veterinary examination promptly. A professional can perform a physical assessment, obtain a nasal swab for bacterial or viral testing, and prescribe antibiotics, antivirals, or supportive therapies as needed.
Continue to monitor the rat’s condition twice daily. Record changes in breathing rate, discharge color, appetite, and activity level. If symptoms worsen—such as labored breathing, swelling around the eyes, or lethargy—seek immediate veterinary care.
After recovery, re‑introduce the rat to the main colony gradually, observing for any recurrence of illness. Maintain optimal cage conditions, regular cleaning, and a balanced diet to reduce the likelihood of future respiratory problems.