What should be placed at the bottom of a rat’s cage? - briefly
A low‑dust, absorbent substrate such as paper bedding or aspen shavings is ideal for the cage floor. Avoid cedar or pine, whose aromatic oils can cause respiratory irritation.
What should be placed at the bottom of a rat’s cage? - in detail
A rat enclosure requires a solid, absorbent layer covering the floor. The material must retain moisture, control odor, and remain safe if chewed or ingested.
Paper‑based bedding, such as shredded newspaper or commercial cellulose pads, provides high absorbency, low dust, and minimal risk of respiratory irritation. It can be replaced weekly or when soiled, keeping the habitat hygienic.
Aspen wood chips are another acceptable option. They are free of aromatic oils found in pine or spruce, offer good drainage, and are easy to sift. A depth of 1–2 cm prevents waste from reaching the cage base.
Corn cob bedding absorbs moisture but generates dust and may contain mold if not stored properly. It should be used only in well‑ventilated setups and refreshed frequently.
Fleece liners function as reusable floor coverings. They are washable, eliminate the need for disposable bedding, and reduce long‑term costs. A minimum thickness of 5 mm prevents tearing, and the liner must be cleaned with hot water weekly.
Sand can be employed for enrichment and grooming. Fine, kiln‑dried sand limits dust, but it does not absorb urine; a separate absorbent layer underneath is mandatory.
Avoid raw pine or spruce shavings, as volatile compounds can damage the respiratory system. Also, do not leave the cage with an exposed wire floor; a solid substrate prevents foot injuries and provides a stable walking surface.
For optimal hygiene, combine a thin absorbent layer (paper or aspen) with a removable liner or tray that can be emptied and cleaned daily. This arrangement simplifies waste removal, reduces odor, and maintains a healthy environment for the rodents.