What should be given to a rat at home? - briefly
A healthy pet rat requires high‑quality rodent pellets as the staple, supplemented daily with fresh, non‑toxic vegetables, limited fruit, and occasional protein treats such as boiled egg or mealworms. Constant access to clean water and safe chew items (e.g., untreated wood blocks) is essential for hydration and dental health.
What should be given to a rat at home? - in detail
A pet rat requires a balanced diet, safe environment, and regular health monitoring.
Nutrition should consist of a high‑quality commercial rat mix as the staple, providing protein, fiber, and essential vitamins. Supplement the base with fresh vegetables such as carrots, broccoli, and leafy greens; limit to small portions to avoid digestive upset. Small amounts of fruit—apple, pear, or berries—can be offered occasionally, ensuring seeds and pits are removed. Protein treats like boiled egg, cooked chicken, or mealworms may be given a few times per week. Fresh water must be available at all times in a bottle with a chew‑proof tip to prevent contamination.
Environmental enrichment includes chewable items to wear down continuously growing incisors. Provide untreated wood blocks, natural branches, or paper tubes. Nesting material such as shredded paper or tissue encourages natural behavior and reduces stress. A solid‑surface wheel, at least 12 cm in diameter, allows safe exercise without risk of spinal injury. Rotate toys regularly to maintain interest.
Hygiene involves a suitable cage with a solid floor, lined with absorbent bedding like aspen shavings or paper pulp. Change bedding weekly and spot‑clean daily to control odor and parasites. Provide a small, shallow dish for food to prevent spillage. Clean the cage, water bottle, and accessories with mild, unscented soap and rinse thoroughly.
Health maintenance includes a monthly inspection of the eyes, ears, and coat for signs of illness. Keep a basic first‑aid kit with antiseptic solution, sterile gauze, and a digital thermometer. Schedule a veterinary check‑up at least once a year, and vaccinate against common rodent diseases if recommended by the veterinarian.
By supplying a nutritionally complete diet, appropriate enrichment, clean living conditions, and routine health checks, a domesticated rat can thrive in a home setting.