What must be inside a rat’s cage? - briefly
A suitable enclosure should include absorbent bedding, a sealed water bottle, nutritionally balanced food, a shelter or hideout, and chewable enrichment items. Regular cleaning and maintaining appropriate temperature complete the setup.
What must be inside a rat’s cage? - in detail
A rat’s enclosure requires a balanced combination of shelter, enrichment, nutrition, and hygiene supplies to support physical health and natural behavior.
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Housing materials: Solid‑floor cage with a secure lid; wire mesh should have a spacing no larger than ½ inch to prevent escape and injury. Provide a removable, washable floor liner or paper bedding that absorbs moisture and allows for regular cleaning.
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Bedding: Un‑treated, dust‑free substrate such as aspen shavings, paper pellets, or hemp. Avoid cedar or pine, which release aromatic oils harmful to respiratory systems. Replace bedding at least twice weekly, more often if soiled.
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Hiding places: At least one enclosed shelter per animal, made of safe, chew‑resistant material (e.g., plastic, untreated wood, or cardboard). Multiple hideouts reduce stress and allow for territorial separation.
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Climbing structures: Wooden dowels, rope ladders, or PVC tubes of varying diameters. Install at least two vertical elements and one horizontal platform to encourage exercise and muscle development.
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Foraging and enrichment: Puzzle feeders, chew blocks, and nesting material (e.g., shredded paper or tissue). Rotate items regularly to maintain interest and stimulate problem‑solving instincts.
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Food and water dispensers: Heavy‑base water bottle with a stainless‑steel nozzle to prevent leaks; a solid‑bottom food dish that is easy to clean. Provide a daily supply of commercially formulated rat pellets, supplemented with fresh fruits, vegetables, and occasional protein treats.
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Cleaning tools: Dedicated cage brush, scrub pad, and mild, non‑toxic disinfectant. Perform a full cage clean weekly, removing all waste, replacing bedding, and sanitizing surfaces.
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Temperature and lighting: Maintain ambient temperature between 18 °C and 24 °C (65–75 °F). Provide a consistent light‑dark cycle of approximately 12 hours each; avoid direct sunlight that can cause overheating.
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Ventilation: Ensure airflow without drafts. Position the cage away from heating vents, air conditioners, and direct exposure to strong currents.
Each component must be inspected regularly for wear, contamination, or damage. Prompt replacement of compromised items prevents injury and disease, preserving the rat’s well‑being.