What is the name of a water rat with a long tail? - briefly
The animal is the muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus). It is a semi‑aquatic rodent distinguished by a long, laterally flattened tail.
What is the name of a water rat with a long tail? - in detail
The animal identified as the long‑tailed water rat is the Australian water rat, commonly called the rakali. Its scientific designation is Hydromys chrysogaster.
Physical characteristics include a streamlined body, dense waterproof fur, and a laterally flattened tail that can exceed the head‑body length. The tail functions as a rudder during swimming and stores fat reserves. Adult weight ranges from 250 g to 1 kg, while length varies between 30 cm and 45 cm, not counting the tail.
Habitat occupies freshwater lakes, rivers, streams, and coastal mangroves across northern and eastern Australia and parts of New Guinea. The species prefers areas with abundant vegetation and submerged logs, which provide shelter and foraging grounds.
Diet consists primarily of aquatic invertebrates, fish, crustaceans, and occasional amphibians. Opportunistic feeding allows consumption of terrestrial insects and small mammals when available.
Reproductive cycle features a gestation period of approximately 30 days, yielding litters of 1–4 pups. Young are born hairless, develop fur within two weeks, and attain independence after three months.
Population trends indicate a stable status, classified as Least Concern by the IUCN. Threats include habitat degradation, water pollution, and introduced predators such as foxes and cats. Conservation measures focus on protecting riparian zones and maintaining water quality.
Key points summarised:
- Common name: rakali (Australian water rat)
- Scientific name: Hydromys chrysogaster
- Distinctive long, flattened tail used for swimming
- Distribution: Australia and New Guinea freshwater and coastal habitats
- Diet: aquatic and occasional terrestrial prey
- Reproduction: short gestation, small litters, rapid juvenile development
- Conservation status: Least Concern, with ongoing habitat protection efforts.