What do domestic mice and rats eat? - briefly
Domestic mice and rats consume a varied diet that includes grains, seeds, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and protein sources such as insects or commercial rodent pellets. They also readily eat pet food, kitchen scraps, and occasional dairy products.
What do domestic mice and rats eat? - in detail
Domestic mice and rats kept as pets require balanced nutrition to support growth, reproduction, and activity. Their natural omnivorous diet is replicated with commercially formulated pellets or blocks that contain protein, fat, fiber, vitamins, and minerals in ratios appropriate for each species. Pelleted diets are preferred because they limit selective feeding and ensure consistent nutrient intake.
Typical commercial formulations include:
- Protein sources: soy, fish meal, or insect protein, providing 14‑20 % for mice and 15‑18 % for rats.
- Fat content: 4‑6 % for mice, 5‑7 % for rats, supplying essential fatty acids.
- Fiber: 4‑5 % for mice, 5‑7 % for rats, promoting gastrointestinal health.
- Added vitamins (A, D, E, K, B‑complex) and minerals (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc).
Supplementary fresh foods can enhance variety and enrichment when offered in moderation:
- Vegetables: carrots, broccoli, kale, bell pepper, cucumber.
- Fruits: apple (seedless), banana, berries, melon.
- Protein treats: boiled egg, cooked chicken, mealworms, crickets.
- Grains: cooked rice, oatmeal, whole‑grain pasta.
Guidelines for supplemental feeding:
- Introduce new items gradually to monitor tolerance.
- Limit fruits to 10 % of total intake due to sugar content.
- Remove uneaten fresh food within two hours to prevent spoilage.
- Avoid toxic items such as chocolate, caffeine, avocado, citrus peels, and raw beans.
Water must be continuously available, preferably in a bottle with a sipper tube to maintain cleanliness. Daily checks ensure the supply is fresh and free of contamination.
Special dietary considerations:
- Pregnant or lactating females may require increased protein (up to 22 %) and additional calcium.
- Elderly rodents benefit from softer foods and higher fiber to aid digestion.
- Rats are more prone to dental overgrowth; providing chewable objects and high‑fiber diet helps wear teeth naturally.
Monitoring body condition, coat quality, and fecal consistency provides immediate feedback on diet adequacy. Adjustments should be made based on observed health indicators and veterinary recommendations.