How should pet rats be kept? - briefly
Provide a spacious cage with solid flooring, nesting material, and regular enrichment items; maintain temperature between 65‑75 °F, supply fresh water daily, and feed a balanced diet of commercial rat pellets supplemented with vegetables and occasional fruit. Clean the enclosure weekly, perform routine health checks, and handle the animals gently to encourage social bonding.
How should pet rats be kept? - in detail
Pet rats thrive when housed in a spacious, secure enclosure. A minimum floor area of 0.5 square meters per pair, with a height of at least 30 cm, prevents overcrowding and allows climbing. Wire cages must have a gap no larger than ½ inch to avoid escapes; glass or acrylic tanks are acceptable if equipped with a tight‑fitting lid. Use absorbent, dust‑free bedding such as paper‑based or aspen shavings; avoid pine or cedar, which contain harmful oils.
Nutrition requires a balanced mix of commercial rat pellets, fresh vegetables, and occasional protein sources. Recommended daily components include:
- ¼ cup of high‑quality rat blocks or pellets (minimum 18 % protein)
- 1–2 tablespoons of chopped carrots, broccoli, or leafy greens
- Small pieces of cooked egg, lean meat, or mealworms (no more than 1 teaspoon)
- Fresh water in a bottle with a metal spout, changed daily
Rats are social animals; keeping them in groups of two or more reduces stress and promotes natural behaviors. Provide multiple levels, tunnels, chew toys, and nest boxes to stimulate activity. Rotate enrichment items weekly to maintain interest.
Health vigilance involves daily visual checks for coat condition, eye clarity, and normal respiration. Signs of illness—nasal discharge, wheezing, lethargy, or abnormal feces—warrant immediate veterinary assessment. Schedule a wellness exam with an exotic‑animal veterinarian at least once a year; maintain up‑to‑date vaccination and parasite control records.
Cleaning protocol:
- Spot‑clean soiled bedding and uneaten food each day.
- Replace all bedding and wash the cage interior with mild, unscented detergent weekly.
- Disinfect water bottles and food dishes daily; rinse thoroughly before refilling.
- Inspect cage hardware for rust or damage during each deep‑cleaning session.
Adhering to these guidelines ensures a healthy, active environment for domesticated rats.