How many offspring does a mouse have in one litter? - briefly
A mouse usually produces between five and twelve offspring per litter, averaging roughly seven pups.
How many offspring does a mouse have in one litter? - in detail
Mice typically produce between three and fourteen pups per birth, with most litters containing six to eight individuals. Laboratory strains such as C57BL/6 often average seven offspring, while wild house mice (Mus musculus) display a broader range, frequently yielding five to ten young.
Key factors influencing litter size include:
- Genetics: Selective breeding can raise or lower average numbers; inbred lines tend toward consistent, moderate litters.
- Maternal age: Females younger than eight weeks or older than twelve months generally have smaller litters than those in the prime reproductive window (8‑12 weeks).
- Nutrition: Adequate protein and caloric intake correlate with larger broods; deficiency reduces pup count.
- Health status: Parasitic load or disease diminishes reproductive output.
- Seasonality: In temperate regions, breeding peaks in spring and summer, often resulting in slightly larger litters compared to winter cycles.
Reproductive timing further contextualizes litter size. The gestation period lasts approximately 19‑21 days, and a healthy female can become fertile again within 24‑48 hours after giving birth, allowing for multiple litters each year. Consequently, a single female may produce several dozen offspring over her lifespan.
Empirical surveys of wild populations report mean litter sizes of 6.5 ± 2.1 pups, whereas controlled laboratory environments record averages of 7.2 ± 1.8. These figures reflect the combined impact of environmental stability, diet, and selective breeding practices.