How do you choose a rat? - briefly
Evaluate health by confirming bright eyes, clean fur, and active movement, then select a temperament that is calm and sociable, matching the intended purpose.
How do you choose a rat? - in detail
Selecting a suitable laboratory or pet rat requires systematic evaluation of several factors. Begin with the intended purpose: research, breeding, or companionship influences the preferred strain, size, and temperament.
Assess genetic background. Inbred strains such as Wistar or Sprague‑Dawley provide uniform physiological traits for experimental work, while outbred varieties often exhibit more varied behavior suitable for handling by novices. Verify the source’s health certification; reputable vendors supply animals free of pathogens, with documented quarantine procedures.
Examine physical condition. Ideal specimens display bright eyes, clean fur, and an active yet calm demeanor. Check for signs of injury, respiratory discharge, or abnormal weight loss. Age matters: juveniles (3–5 weeks) adapt quickly to new environments, whereas adults (8–12 weeks) have established social hierarchies and may be less prone to stress.
Consider sex and social arrangement. Males can become aggressive when housed together; females typically tolerate group living but may develop reproductive cycles that affect behavior. Decide whether single housing or a small colony best serves the objective, and ensure cage dimensions meet the minimum space requirement (minimum 450 cm² per rat).
Review legal and ethical obligations. Confirm that the acquisition complies with institutional animal care guidelines, permits, and local regulations. Maintain records of origin, health status, and any veterinary interventions.
Summarize the selection checklist:
- Purpose (research, breeding, pet)
- Strain (inbred vs. outbred)
- Health certification and quarantine history
- Physical health indicators (eyes, fur, weight)
- Age range appropriate to task
- Sex and planned social housing
- Cage size and enrichment provisions
- Compliance with ethical and legal standards
Applying this framework yields a rat that matches functional requirements, minimizes health risks, and aligns with welfare regulations.