How are rats called in English? - briefly
In English the animal is simply called a “rat.” The term covers all species within the genus Rattus.
How are rats called in English? - in detail
The standard English designation for the rodent Rattus is “rat.” In scientific contexts the genus name Rattus is used, with the most common species identified as Rattus norvegicus (the brown or Norway rat) and Rattus rattus (the black rat).
In everyday language several variants appear:
- “Rat” – generic term for any member of the genus.
- “Brown rat,” “Norway rat,” “street rat” – refer specifically to R. norvegicus.
- “Black rat,” “ship rat,” “roof rat” – refer to R. rattus.
- “Rodent” – broader category that includes rats along with mice, squirrels, etc.
Colloquial slang also exists:
- “Rattie” – informal, often used affectionately or in juvenile speech.
- “Pack rat” – metaphorical, describing a person who hoards items, derived from the animal’s behavior.
- “Lab rat” – denotes a rat used in scientific research.
Regional differences affect usage. In British English “rat” remains the default term, while “pied rat” may appear historically for the black rat. In American English “rat” is likewise standard; “city rat” sometimes describes urban-dwelling individuals.
Pluralization follows regular English rules: “rats” for multiple individuals. When referring to a mixed group of species, the phrase “rat populations” or “rat species” is appropriate.
Thus, the English language provides a primary term, scientific nomenclature, descriptive modifiers, and a range of informal expressions to convey precise meaning about this animal.