Why do rats need mineral stones? - briefly
Rats gnaw mineral rocks to acquire calcium, phosphorus and trace elements essential for bone development and metabolic processes. The abrasive material also wears down continuously growing incisors, preventing overgrowth.
Why do rats need mineral stones? - in detail
Rats require mineral stones to support several essential biological functions.
The stones serve as abrasive material that facilitates mechanical digestion. When fibrous food passes through the stomach, the grit breaks down particles, improving nutrient absorption.
Calcium supplied by the stones contributes to skeletal development, blood coagulation, and muscle contraction. Regular intake prevents deficiencies that could impair growth or lead to metabolic disorders.
Incisor growth occurs continuously; chewing on hard objects provides the necessary wear to maintain proper tooth length. Without sufficient abrasion, incisors may overgrow, causing difficulty in feeding and potential injury.
Environmental enrichment is achieved by offering stones for manipulation. Interaction with the objects stimulates natural foraging behavior, reduces stereotypic activities, and promotes overall welfare.
Practical guidelines include providing stones of 2–3 cm diameter, composed of non‑toxic mineral composite, and monitoring consumption to ensure adequate but not excessive intake. Replacement should occur when stones become excessively worn or contaminated.