When and what should a rat be fed? - briefly
Rats should receive fresh food twice daily, typically in the morning and evening, with uninterrupted access to clean water. Their diet consists mainly of high‑quality rodent pellets, complemented by small portions of fresh fruits, vegetables, and occasional protein treats such as boiled egg or mealworms.
When and what should a rat be fed? - in detail
Rats require a consistent feeding routine to maintain optimal health. Provide fresh food daily, ideally at the same time each morning, and remove any uneaten portions after 12 hours to prevent spoilage.
Diet composition
- Commercial pellets: Form the staple; choose a nutritionally balanced, lab‑grade or high‑quality pet brand containing at least 18 % protein and adequate vitamins and minerals. Offer 15–20 g per adult rat per day.
- Fresh vegetables: Supply 1–2 cups of chopped greens such as kale, romaine lettuce, broccoli, or carrots. Rotate varieties to ensure a broad nutrient profile.
- Fruit: Offer small pieces (no larger than a thumbnail) of apple, banana, berries, or melon 2–3 times per week. Limit sugary treats to avoid obesity.
- Protein supplements: Include occasional sources like boiled egg white, cooked chicken, or mealworms, 1–2 times weekly. Ensure no added seasoning or salt.
- Fiber and enrichment: Provide small amounts of whole‑grain oats, barley, or unsweetened cereal to aid digestion and encourage natural foraging behavior.
- Water: Supply clean, filtered water in a sipper bottle, refreshed daily.
Feeding schedule for different life stages
- Juvenile (up to 6 weeks): Feed 20–25 g of pellets plus a higher proportion of protein (e.g., egg or insects) to support rapid growth.
- Adult (6 weeks–12 months): Maintain the standard 15–20 g pellet portion with balanced vegetables and limited fruit.
- Senior (over 12 months): Reduce caloric intake slightly (12–15 g pellets) and increase easily digestible foods such as cooked sweet potato and soft greens. Monitor body condition and adjust portions accordingly.
Special considerations
- Avoid toxic foods: chocolate, caffeine, nicotine, raw beans, onions, garlic, and citrus peels.
- Do not feed exclusively dry kibble; lack of moisture can lead to urinary issues.
- Observe individual preferences and adjust quantities to prevent over‑ or under‑feeding.
- Regularly check for mold or spoilage in fresh produce; discard any questionable items immediately.