What should I do if a rat is not urinating? - briefly
Ensure the rat receives fresh water, observe for signs of distress, and assess for possible urinary blockage or dehydration. Contact a veterinarian immediately for diagnosis and treatment.
What should I do if a rat is not urinating? - in detail
When a rodent shows an inability to pass urine, immediate assessment is essential to prevent renal failure and systemic toxicity.
First, observe clinical signs. Look for abdominal distension, lethargy, loss of appetite, dehydration, or a dry, tacky coat. Palpate the lower abdomen gently; a firm, enlarged bladder indicates urinary retention.
Second, evaluate environmental factors. Ensure the enclosure provides adequate hydration, clean water sources, and a balanced diet rich in moisture. Verify that bedding is not obstructing the animal’s access to its litter area, as stress or physical barriers can impede normal elimination.
Third, initiate diagnostic procedures.
- Collect a urine sample, if possible, by stimulating spontaneous voiding or using a gentle bladder expression technique. Analyze for color, clarity, specific gravity, and presence of blood or crystals.
- Perform a physical examination, including temperature measurement and auscultation, to detect concurrent infections or systemic illness.
- Consider imaging studies such as radiography or ultrasound to identify bladder stones, urethral obstruction, or anatomical abnormalities.
Fourth, implement immediate therapeutic actions.
- Provide subcutaneous or intraperitoneal fluids to correct dehydration and promote diuresis.
- Administer analgesics and anti‑inflammatory agents to reduce pain that may inhibit voiding.
- If obstruction is suspected, consult a veterinary surgeon for possible catheterization or surgical intervention.
- Initiate empiric antibiotic therapy only after culture results or when a bacterial infection is strongly indicated.
Fifth, monitor progress closely. Record urine output hourly, noting volume and quality. Re‑evaluate bladder size through palpation or imaging at regular intervals. Adjust fluid therapy based on ongoing assessments.
Finally, address preventive measures. Maintain a consistent supply of fresh water, provide a diet that reduces the risk of urinary calculi, and keep the habitat clean to minimize infection risk. Regular veterinary check‑ups enable early detection of urinary tract issues, reducing the likelihood of recurrence.