What should I do if a rat is not eating, not drinking, and lying down? - briefly
Immediately consult a veterinarian, because loss of appetite, refusal of water, and prolonged lethargy signal a potentially serious condition. Keep the rat warm, provide fresh water and soft food, and observe for any further symptoms.
What should I do if a rat is not eating, not drinking, and lying down? - in detail
A rat that has stopped consuming food and water and remains motionless signals a serious health problem. Immediate assessment of the cage environment is required: ensure the temperature stays between 18‑22 °C, bedding is clean, and there are no obvious hazards such as broken equipment or toxic substances.
Check the animal’s mouth for sores, excess saliva, or blockage that could prevent intake. Examine the abdomen for swelling, rigidity, or signs of trauma. Look for respiratory distress, nasal discharge, or abnormal posture, which may indicate infection or injury.
If any of the following are observed, contact a veterinarian without delay: sudden weight loss, blood in urine or feces, discharge from eyes or nose, lethargy lasting more than a few hours, or inability to move. A professional will perform a physical exam, possibly run blood work, imaging, and prescribe medication or fluid therapy.
While awaiting veterinary care, provide supportive measures. Offer fresh water in a shallow dish; if the rat does not drink, use a sterile syringe (without needle) to administer small amounts of warm, electrolytically balanced solution at the side of the mouth, avoiding the throat. Offer soft, easily digestible foods such as mashed banana, cooked oatmeal, or commercial rat recovery formula, presented on a pre‑wetted surface to encourage licking.
Maintain a quiet, low‑stress environment. Reduce handling, keep lighting dim, and limit loud noises. Monitor temperature and humidity closely, and keep the cage away from drafts or direct sunlight.
Prevent recurrence by establishing a routine health check: weigh the rat weekly, observe eating and drinking patterns, and inspect the cage daily for signs of illness. Provide a balanced diet, fresh water, enrichment objects, and regular veterinary examinations to detect problems early.