What should be given to rats? - briefly
Rats require a diet of high‑quality rodent pellets supplemented with small amounts of fresh vegetables, occasional fruit, and constant access to clean water. Treats should be limited to low‑fat, low‑sugar options to prevent obesity.
What should be given to rats? - in detail
Rats require a balanced diet that supplies protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals in proportions that support growth, reproduction, and immune function.
A reliable base consists of nutritionally complete laboratory or pet pellets formulated for rodents. Pellets should constitute 70‑80 % of daily intake and be offered in a clean feeder to prevent contamination.
Fresh water must be available at all times, presented in a bottle with a metal sipper to avoid spillage and bacterial growth.
Supplementary fresh foods enrich the diet and provide additional micronutrients. Acceptable items include:
- Leafy greens such as kale, romaine lettuce, and spinach
- Cruciferous vegetables like broccoli florets and cauliflower
- Root vegetables in small cubes: carrot, sweet potato, beet
- Fruits offered sparingly: apple (seedless), banana, berries
- Whole grains: cooked oatmeal, barley, quinoa
Treats can be used for enrichment or conditioning, but should not exceed 10 % of total calories. Suitable treats comprise:
- Small pieces of unsalted nuts (almond, walnut)
- Low‑fat cheese cubes
- Commercial rodent treats formulated without added sugars or preservatives
Foods that pose health risks must be excluded. Hazardous items include:
- Processed meats, high‑fat snacks, and fried foods
- Citrus fruits and juices, which can cause digestive upset
- Chocolate, caffeine, alcohol, and any toxic plants (e.g., lilies, foxglove)
Feeding frequency should match the animal’s activity level. Adult rats typically consume 15‑20 g of pellets per day, divided into two equal portions offered morning and evening. Juvenile rats require slightly higher protein content and more frequent feeding, up to three times daily.
All food should be stored in airtight containers at cool temperatures to preserve freshness and prevent mold. Feeding equipment must be cleaned daily with mild detergent and rinsed thoroughly to maintain hygiene.