What should be fed to rats and hamsters? - briefly
Provide a base of nutritionally complete rodent pellets, complemented by limited fresh vegetables, fruits, and occasional protein such as boiled egg or mealworms. Exclude sugary snacks and high‑fat foods.
What should be fed to rats and hamsters? - in detail
Rats and hamsters require a balanced diet that supplies carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. A high‑quality laboratory‑grade or pet‑store pellet formulated specifically for each species should form the staple portion, typically 80‑90 % of daily intake. Pellets guarantee consistent nutrient ratios and reduce the risk of deficiencies.
Fresh vegetables and fruits add fiber, antioxidants, and hydration. Acceptable options include carrots, broccoli, cucumber, apple (seedless), and berries. Offer 1–2 tablespoons per day, removing any uneaten pieces after a few hours to prevent spoilage.
Protein sources support growth and maintenance. Small amounts of cooked egg, plain boiled chicken, mealworms, or commercial rodent treats provide essential amino acids. Limit to 5–10 % of the total diet; excess protein can stress kidneys.
Healthy fats are supplied by small quantities of unsalted nuts, seeds, or a few drops of vegetable oil. Keep fat contributions under 5 % to avoid obesity.
Water must be fresh, clean, and accessible at all times. Use a sipper bottle to prevent contamination; replace daily.
Foods to avoid: citrus fruits, onions, garlic, chocolate, caffeine, alcohol, raw potatoes, and any processed human snacks containing salt, sugar, or artificial additives. These items can cause gastrointestinal distress, toxic reactions, or long‑term health problems.
Feeding schedule: provide the pellet portion once daily, supplemented with fresh produce and protein in the morning. Remove leftovers before the next feeding. Monitor body condition and adjust portions according to weight changes; a healthy adult rat weighs 250–300 g, while a hamster ranges from 30–120 g depending on breed.
Supplementation is rarely needed if the diet is complete, but occasional calcium blocks or vitamin D drops may be used for breeding females or animals with limited sunlight exposure. Always follow manufacturer dosage recommendations.
Regularly inspect the cage for uneaten food, mold, or spoilage. Clean feeding dishes weekly to maintain hygiene and prevent disease transmission.