What is used to poison mice during pest control? - briefly
Anticoagulant rodenticides such as bromadiolone, difenacoum or brodifacoum are the most common poisons employed against mice, while zinc phosphide and bromethalin serve as secondary options. These compounds are regulated for residential use and require careful handling to prevent accidental exposure.
What is used to poison mice during pest control? - in detail
Rodent control programs rely on chemical baits formulated with specific toxic agents designed to induce rapid mortality in mice while minimizing exposure to non‑target species. The most common class comprises second‑generation anticoagulants, including bromadiolone, difenacoum, brodifacoum and chlorophacinone. These compounds inhibit vitamin K recycling, leading to fatal internal hemorrhage after a single feeding dose. Warfarin, a first‑generation anticoagulant, remains in limited use due to lower potency and higher resistance rates.
Non‑anticoagulant options provide alternatives when anticoagulant resistance is documented. Zinc phosphide reacts with gastric acid to release phosphine gas, a potent respiratory toxin causing death within minutes. Strychnine, a neurotoxin that blocks glycine receptors, produces convulsions and swift fatality but is restricted in many jurisdictions because of high toxicity to wildlife and domestic animals.
Bait matrices typically consist of wheat, grain, or peanut paste, enriched with attractants such as soy or cheese flavorings to encourage consumption. Formulations may be presented as pellets, blocks, or liquid sachets, each suited to different application environments. Placement strategies include tamper‑resistant stations for indoor use and weather‑proof containers for outdoor deployment, reducing accidental ingestion by humans or pets.
Regulatory frameworks in most countries require registration of each active ingredient, labeling that specifies dosage, target species, and safety precautions. Users must follow label directions regarding bait density (often 0.5 g per mouse per day) and avoid placement near food preparation areas. Personal protective equipment—gloves, masks—and proper disposal of unused bait are mandatory to prevent secondary poisoning.
Resistance management involves rotating active ingredients, integrating non‑chemical measures such as exclusion, sanitation, and trapping, and monitoring mouse populations for signs of reduced bait efficacy. Comprehensive programs combine these chemical agents with environmental controls to achieve sustainable reduction of mouse infestations.