What is the name of poison for rats and mice? - briefly
The most common rodenticide is an anticoagulant poison, typically formulations containing bromadiolone, difenacoum, or similar compounds. These agents induce fatal internal bleeding in rats and mice.
What is the name of poison for rats and mice? - in detail
The primary rodenticide employed against rats and mice is an anticoagulant compound, most frequently warfarin‑based derivatives such as bromadiolone, difenacoum, and brodifacoum. These agents inhibit vitamin K epoxide reductase, preventing blood clotting and causing fatal hemorrhage after ingestion.
Other active ingredients include:
- Bromethalin – a neurotoxic agent that disrupts mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, leading to rapid paralysis and death.
- Zinc phosphide – reacts with gastric acid to release phosphine gas, a potent respiratory toxin.
- Cholecalciferol (vitamin D₃) – induces hypercalcemia, resulting in kidney failure and cardiac arrest.
- Strychnine – a central nervous system stimulant causing convulsions; usage is limited due to high toxicity to non‑target species.
Commercial formulations often combine these chemicals with attractants (e.g., grain, cheese, or peanut butter) and are marketed under names such as:
- D-Con (bromadiolone)
- Contrac (difenacoum)
- Brodifacoum (multiple brands)
- Zimectrin (bromethalin)
- Phostoxin (zinc phosphide)
Application methods include bait stations, pellets, and liquid baits. Bait stations provide containment, reducing exposure to pets and wildlife. Pellets are suitable for outdoor burrows, while liquid baits allow precise placement in hard‑to‑reach areas.
Regulatory agencies (e.g., EPA in the United States, EU Biocidal Products Regulation) classify these substances as restricted-use pesticides. Users must follow label instructions, wear protective equipment, and maintain records of placement to comply with safety standards and mitigate environmental impact.