What can be given to domestic rats and what should be avoided? - briefly
Pet rats can be fed fresh vegetables, fruits, whole grains, lean protein sources, and nutritionally balanced rat blocks; sugary snacks, processed foods, raw beans, chocolate, caffeine, and toxic chemicals must be avoided.
What can be given to domestic rats and what should be avoided? - in detail
Domestic rats require a diet that supplies protein, fiber, vitamins and minerals while limiting excess fats and sugars. Commercially formulated rat pellets provide a balanced base; they should constitute the majority of daily intake. Fresh produce and occasional treats can complement the staple feed, provided they meet nutritional criteria and are introduced gradually.
Acceptable foods
- «Rat pellets» formulated for laboratory or pet use, nutritionally complete.
- Fresh vegetables: «broccoli», «carrots», «spinach», «kale», «zucchini», offered in small, bite‑size pieces.
- Fruits in moderation: «apple» (core removed), «banana», «blueberries», «melon».
- Protein sources: cooked «chicken», «egg», «cooked lentils», «tofu», each without added seasoning.
- Whole grains: «oats», «brown rice», «quinoa», lightly cooked.
- Safe nuts: «unsalted almonds», «walnuts», limited to a few pieces weekly.
- Calcium supplements: small amounts of «plain yogurt» or «cottage cheese».
Items to exclude
- Processed human snacks: chips, candy, chocolate, sugary cereals.
- High‑fat foods: fatty meats, bacon, sausage, cheese with high salt content.
- Toxic vegetables and fruits: «onion», «garlic», «leek», «chives», «avocado», «citrus peel».
- Raw or dried beans, especially «kidney beans», due to lectins.
- Alcohol, caffeine, nicotine, and any medication not prescribed by a veterinarian.
- Moldy, spoiled, or pesticide‑treated produce.
Feeding guidelines recommend offering fresh water daily, monitoring portion sizes to prevent obesity, and providing treat items no more than 10 % of total caloric intake. Observe the animal for signs of digestive upset after introducing new foods; discontinue any item that causes diarrhea or reduced appetite. Regular veterinary check‑ups ensure nutritional adequacy and help adjust the diet as the rat matures.