What are domestic rats called? - briefly
Domesticated rats are commonly called pet rats or fancy rats. They belong to the species Rattus norvegicus and have been selectively bred for docile behavior.
What are domestic rats called? - in detail
Domestic rats kept as pets are commonly referred to as “fancy rats.” The term distinguishes them from wild species such as the Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) and the black rat (Rattus rattus) that live in natural or urban environments. Fancy rats are members of the same species—Rattus norvegicus—but have been selectively bred for temperament, coloration, and coat patterns.
Key characteristics of pet rats include:
- Temperament: Generally docile, social, and capable of forming bonds with humans and other rats.
- Genetic selection: Breeders emphasize traits like reduced aggression, increased curiosity, and a calm demeanor.
- Coat varieties: Standard (normal), rex (soft, curly), satin (glossy), and hairless (nude) are among the most prevalent.
- Color morphs: Albino, hooded, blaze, black, agouti, and many patterned combinations result from controlled breeding.
The designation “fancy” originated in the late 19th‑century animal‑show circuit, where exhibitors showcased rats for aesthetic qualities rather than utility. Over time, the label became standard among hobbyists, veterinarians, and commercial suppliers.
In scientific literature, the phrase “pet rat” is also acceptable, particularly when distinguishing health studies involving captive individuals from those involving wild populations. Veterinary guidelines, breeding standards, and pet‑trade regulations all use “pet rat” or “fancy rat” interchangeably.
Understanding this terminology is essential for accurate communication among breeders, researchers, and owners, ensuring that discussions about care, genetics, and disease prevention reference the correct animal category.