How should a pet rat be fed and in what quantity? - briefly
Feed the rat a base of high‑quality commercial pellets, supplemented with small daily portions of fresh vegetables (such as carrots or broccoli) and occasional fruit or protein treats, while providing fresh water at all times. An adult typically eats 1–2 teaspoons (about 5–10 g) of pellets plus 1–2 tablespoons of produce each day, adjusting the amount to the animal’s size and activity level.
How should a pet rat be fed and in what quantity? - in detail
A pet rat requires a balanced diet that mimics its natural omnivorous habits while meeting the nutritional standards of a laboratory‑grade rodent feed. The foundation of every meal should be a high‑quality commercial rat pellet, formulated to contain 18–20 % protein, 4–5 % fat, and essential vitamins and minerals. One pellet, approximately 2 g, supplies the caloric needs of an adult rat weighing 250–300 g; the animal should consume 15–20 g of pellets daily, divided into two feedings.
Supplementary foods enrich the diet and provide variety:
- Fresh vegetables (e.g., kale, carrot, broccoli) – 1–2 tbsp per day, finely chopped.
- Fruit in moderation (e.g., apple, banana) – no more than 1 tsp per day, due to sugar content.
- Protein sources such as cooked egg white, plain plain cooked chicken, or mealworms – ½ tsp per day, alternating to prevent monotony.
- Small amounts of whole‑grain cereals or oats – ½ tsp per day, for additional fiber.
Water must be available at all times in a clean, stainless‑steel bottle with a sipper tube. Replace the supply daily and clean the bottle weekly to prevent bacterial growth.
Feeding schedule:
- Morning: half of the daily pellet portion plus any fresh vegetables.
- Evening: remaining pellet portion, protein supplement, and fruit if offered.
Monitor body condition weekly. A healthy rat maintains a smooth, sleek coat and a body weight within the species‑specific range. Adjust pellet quantity by 1 g increments if the animal gains excess weight or appears under‑conditioned. Avoid sugary treats, processed human foods, and foods high in fat or salt, as they can lead to obesity, liver disease, and dental problems.