A rat bit — what should I do? - briefly
Immediately wash the bite with soap and running water, then disinfect with an appropriate antiseptic. Consult a healthcare professional promptly for evaluation, possible tetanus booster, and rabies prophylaxis, especially after contact with a wild rodent.
A rat bit — what should I do? - in detail
If a rat has bitten you, begin by cleaning the wound. Rinse with running water for at least one minute, then scrub gently with mild soap. Apply firm pressure with a clean cloth to stop any bleeding. After hemostasis, cover the area with a sterile dressing.
Next, assess the need for professional medical care. Seek immediate attention if the bite is deep, the skin is torn, or signs of infection appear (redness, swelling, warmth, pus). Even minor punctures warrant a doctor’s visit because rats can transmit bacteria such as Streptococcus and Staphylococcus, as well as the virus that causes leptospirosis. A clinician will evaluate the need for:
- Tetanus booster if immunization is outdated.
- Antibiotic therapy to prevent bacterial infection.
- Rabies prophylaxis, especially if the animal’s vaccination status is unknown or the bite occurred in a region where rabies is endemic.
Document the incident thoroughly. Record the date, time, location, and circumstances of the bite. If possible, capture a photograph of the wound and note any observable characteristics of the rat (size, color, behavior). This information assists healthcare providers and, if necessary, public‑health authorities.
Finally, address the source of the problem to avoid recurrence. Contact a licensed pest‑control service to inspect and remediate the property. Seal entry points, eliminate food sources, and maintain sanitation to reduce rodent attraction.
Following these steps minimizes health risks and facilitates prompt treatment.