What should not be done with a pet rat? - briefly
Never handle a rat roughly, expose it to toxic substances, or keep it in an unsanitary cage; also avoid feeding it human junk food, allowing unsupervised roaming, or using it for any form of experimentation.
What should not be done with a pet rat? - in detail
Avoiding harmful actions is essential for the health and welfare of a domesticated rat. The following practices must be excluded from daily care:
- Hand‑feeding inappropriate foods – raw potatoes, chocolate, caffeine, citrus peels, and processed snacks contain toxins or acids that can cause gastrointestinal distress or organ damage.
- Using harsh cleaning agents – bleach, ammonia, or scented disinfectants leave residues that irritate the respiratory tract and skin. Clean cages with mild, unscented soap and rinse thoroughly.
- Providing inadequate housing – metal cages without proper ventilation, wire floors that press on paws, or enclosures too small restrict movement and lead to injuries or stress‑related behaviors. Choose spacious, solid‑bottom habitats with good airflow.
- Neglecting regular veterinary checks – rats age quickly; missed examinations can allow tumors, respiratory infections, or dental problems to progress unnoticed. Schedule a health assessment at least once a year.
- Exposing the animal to extreme temperatures – placing the cage near drafts, heaters, or direct sunlight causes hypothermia or overheating, both of which can be fatal. Maintain ambient temperature between 68 °F and 78 °F (20 °C–26 °C).
- Handling roughly or for prolonged periods – sudden grabs, squeezing, or holding the rat upside‑down induces stress and may result in broken bones or tail injury. Support the body gently and limit handling sessions to a few minutes.
- Allowing unsupervised interaction with other pets – cats, dogs, or larger rodents may view the rat as prey, leading to bite wounds or death. Keep the rat in a secure enclosure when other animals are present.
- Leaving the cage unclean for extended periods – accumulated urine, feces, and bedding produce ammonia fumes that damage the respiratory system. Perform spot cleaning daily and a full change weekly.
- Using inappropriate bedding – cedar or pine shavings release aromatic oils that irritate the lungs; fine dust can cause sneezing and eye irritation. Opt for paper‑based or aspen bedding.
- Failing to provide enrichment – a barren environment encourages stereotypic behaviors such as bar‑chewing or self‑mutilation. Supply tunnels, chew toys, and opportunities for foraging.
Each of these actions compromises the rat’s physical condition, psychological well‑being, or both. By eliminating these practices, owners create a safe, healthy environment that supports the animal’s natural behaviors and longevity.