How much activated charcoal should be given to a rat? - briefly
A dose of 1–2 g per kilogram of body weight of «activated charcoal» is recommended for rats, administered orally. The dose is given as a single administration shortly after exposure to the toxin.
How much activated charcoal should be given to a rat? - in detail
Activated charcoal is administered to rodents on a weight‑based basis. The standard oral dose ranges from 1 g per kilogram of body weight for routine decontamination to 2–4 g kg⁻¹ for severe poisoning. Doses above 4 g kg⁻¹ have not shown additional benefit and may increase adverse effects.
For a typical adult rat weighing 250 g, the calculation is straightforward:
- 1 g kg⁻¹ × 0.25 kg = 0.25 g (250 mg) of charcoal
- 2 g kg⁻¹ × 0.25 kg = 0.5 g (500 mg) of charcoal
- 4 g kg⁻¹ × 0.25 kg = 1.0 g (1000 mg) of charcoal
The powder is suspended in sterile water to create a uniform slurry, usually 1–2 mL per rat, and delivered by oral gavage using a suitable feeding needle. Administration within the first hour after toxin exposure maximizes adsorption; a second dose may be given after 4–6 hours if the ingested substance has a prolonged absorption phase.
Potential complications include transient constipation, reduced nutrient absorption, and mild dehydration. Monitoring of body weight, fecal output, and hydration status is recommended for 24–48 hours post‑treatment. Activated charcoal should not be used when the ingested material is a strong acid, alkali, or petroleum‑based product, as adsorption may be ineffective or harmful.
Key references supporting these recommendations include the Merck Veterinary Manual, the American Society of Veterinary Toxicology guidelines, and FDA animal safety data sheets.