How is mycoplasmosis treated in rats? - briefly
Mycoplasma infections in rats are treated primarily with tetracycline‑class antibiotics (e.g., doxycycline), supplemented by macrolides or fluoroquinolones when resistance is suspected. Supportive care—hydration, nutritional support, and isolation of affected individuals—helps reduce morbidity and limit transmission.
How is mycoplasmosis treated in rats? - in detail
Mycoplasma infections in laboratory rats require a systematic approach that combines accurate diagnosis, targeted antimicrobial therapy, and supportive measures.
Accurate diagnosis relies on culture of respiratory samples, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of Mycoplasma spp., and serologic testing for specific antibodies. Early identification permits prompt initiation of treatment and reduces transmission within colonies.
Antimicrobial agents with proven efficacy include:
- Tetracyclines: Doxycycline administered orally at 10 mg/kg once daily for 7–10 days. Monitor for gastrointestinal irritation and potential impact on bone growth in young animals.
- Macrolides: Azithromycin given subcutaneously at 10 mg/kg once daily for 5 days. Suitable for cases where tetracyclines are contraindicated; watch for hepatic enzyme elevation.
- Fluoroquinolones: Enrofloxacin delivered via drinking water at 10 mg/L, providing approximately 5 mg/kg/day, for a minimum of 10 days. Use cautiously due to possible cartilage toxicity in juveniles.
Dosage calculations must account for the average daily water intake (approximately 10 ml/100 g body weight) to ensure therapeutic concentrations. When using feed‑based delivery, incorporate the drug into a palatable mash and confirm uniform distribution.
Supportive care includes:
- Providing a high‑calorie, easily digestible diet to counteract weight loss.
- Maintaining optimal humidity (40–60 %) and temperature (20–22 °C) to minimize respiratory stress.
- Isolating affected cages to prevent aerosol spread; employ HEPA filtration and strict barrier practices.
Follow‑up procedures involve repeat PCR testing 7 days after therapy completion to verify eradication. If the pathogen persists, consider a second course with an alternative antimicrobial class and reassess housing conditions for potential sources of reinfection.
Preventive strategies focus on regular health surveillance, quarantine of new arrivals for at least 4 weeks, and strict sanitation protocols for bedding, cages, and handling equipment. Vaccination options are currently unavailable; thus, biosecurity remains the primary defense against Mycoplasma outbreaks in rat colonies.